Macgillivray Modern Clan Collection

I. Introduction

In the rugged expanse of Scotland’s Highlands, where the wind whispers tales of valor and resilience, Clan MacGillivray emerges as a vibrant thread in the nation’s storied fabric. With roots stretching deep into the medieval past and a modern presence that continues to resonate, the MacGillivrays embody the indomitable spirit of Scotland’s clan tradition. From their ancient origins in the Western Isles to their steadfast loyalty in times of upheaval, this essay explores the historical journey of Clan MacGillivray, its symbols, and the figures who have shaped its enduring legacy.

II. Origins of Clan MacGillivray

The name MacGillivray, derived from the Gaelic "Mac Gillebhrath," translates to "son of the servant of judgment," hinting at an ancestral role tied to justice or administration within Gaelic society. The clan’s origins are believed to trace back to the Isle of Mull and the regions of Morvern and Lochaber, where they flourished under the dominion of the MacDonald Lords of the Isles in the 12th and 13th centuries. Tradition holds that the MacGillivrays were part of an ancient confederation known as the Siol Gillebride—the seed of Gillebride—alongside clans like MacInnes, MacMaster, and MacEachern. Their early prominence is affirmed by historical accounts, such as those of the Sleat historian Hugh MacDonald, who lists "MacGillevray in Mull" among the freeholders of the Council of the Isles.

The clan’s narrative took a pivotal turn in 1222 when Alexander II subdued Argyll, dispersing the Clan Mhic Gillebrath. Some remained on Mull, while others sought refuge under the protection of Clan Mackintosh, chiefs of the powerful Clan Chattan Confederation, around 1268. This alliance marked the beginning of their integration into the Highland clan system, with their first documented presence in Dunmaglass, Inverness-shire, recorded in 1549.

III. Historical Evolution of Clan MacGillivray

A. Medieval Foundations and Clan Chattan

The MacGillivrays’ medieval history is intertwined with the Clan Chattan Confederation, a coalition of clans united for mutual defense. By aligning with the Mackintoshes, the MacGillivrays secured their foothold in the Highlands, particularly around their historic seat of Dunmaglass. Their loyalty to the Confederation was solidified in 1609, when Malcolm MacGillivray of Dalcrombie represented the clan at a grand gathering of Clan Chattan, swearing fealty to the Mackintosh chief. This alliance would shape their destiny, drawing them into the tumultuous currents of Scottish history.

B. The Jacobite Cause and Culloden

The MacGillivrays’ most defining chapter unfolded during the Jacobite risings of the 18th century. Staunch supporters of the Stuart cause, they rallied in both the 1715 and 1745 uprisings. The latter, culminating in the Battle of Culloden in 1746, etched their name in blood and legend. With the Mackintosh chief serving in the British Army’s Black Watch, his wife, Lady Anne Mackintosh, rallied the Clan Chattan forces for the Jacobites, placing Alexander MacGillivray of Dunmaglass in command. Leading the charge, Alexander fell at the "Well of the Dead," a site still marked by a stone bearing his name. The battle decimated the clan, with many MacGillivrays buried at Dunlichity graveyard, a somber testament to their sacrifice.

C. Emigration and Modern Revival

Following Culloden, the Highlands faced repression and the Highland Clearances, prompting many MacGillivrays to emigrate, particularly to North America. There, they thrived as traders and pioneers, carrying their heritage across the Atlantic. The last recognized chief, John Farquhar MacGillivray, died in Toronto in 1942 without an heir, leaving the clan armigerous—without a chief recognized by the Lord Lyon. Yet, in 2016, a historic derbhfine (family convention) at Culloden saw Iain Donald MacGillivray elected as Clan Commander by societies from Scotland, America, Australia, and the Netherlands. This modern revival underscores the clan’s resilience and global reach.

IV. Clan MacGillivray Crest and Motto

A. Crest Symbolism

The MacGillivray crest features a wildcat, or "cat-a-mountain," standing guardant with its dexter paw raised—a fierce emblem of vigilance, independence, and strength. Rooted in Highland lore, the wildcat reflects the clan’s untamed spirit and protective nature, qualities that shone brightly in their Jacobite stand.

B. Clan Motto

The motto "Touch Not This Cat" serves as both a warning and a declaration. Echoing the wildcat’s ferocity, it conveys a message of defiance and resilience, a fitting encapsulation of the clan’s history of resistance against adversity. For over three centuries, this phrase has symbolized their unyielding resolve.

V. Clan MacGillivray Tartan

The MacGillivray tartan, based on the Mackintosh sett, features a striking pattern of green, blue, and red, accented by thin azure lines—a nod to their western origins. Variations such as the "Ancient," with softer hues from natural dyes, and the "Hunting," with muted tones for camouflage, reflect the clan’s adaptability. The distinctive "Calrossie Sett," with its brown background, and the "Aberchalder Sett," with a red base, highlight regional family distinctions. These tartans remain a cherished link to the clan’s Highland heritage.

VI. Prominent Figures of Clan MacGillivray

A. Alexander MacGillivray of Dunmaglass (d. 1746)

A towering figure in clan lore, Alexander led the Clan Chattan regiment at Culloden, embodying the MacGillivrays’ martial prowess and Jacobite fervor. His death on the battlefield cemented his status as a heroic martyr of the cause.

B. William McGillivray (1764–1825)

Born in Dunlichity, William rose to prominence as a fur trader in Canada, becoming a key figure in the North West Company and a member of Lower Canada’s Legislative Chamber. His success abroad exemplifies the clan’s adaptability and ambition in the diaspora.

C. James Pittendreigh MacGillivray (1856–1938)

A celebrated sculptor, James served as the King’s Sculptor in Scotland from 1921. His artistic legacy, including works that grace Scottish public spaces, reflects the clan’s contributions to culture and creativity.

VII. Conclusion

From their ancient roots on Mull to their modern resurgence as a global clan community, the MacGillivrays have navigated Scotland’s turbulent history with courage and tenacity. Their crest and motto proclaim a fierce independence, their tartans weave a thread of tradition, and their prominent figures illuminate a legacy of leadership and achievement. As Clan MacGillivray stands today—armigerous yet united under a commander—it remains a living testament to Scotland’s enduring clan spirit, a saga of valor and pride that continues to inspire across generations and continents.